Primary Publication:
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 132114
Provenience: Halicarnassus (mod. Halicarnassus)
Period: Achaemenid (547-331 BC)
Object Type: Vessel > alabastron
Material: stone > mineral > calcite
Date: Xerxes1.00.00.00
Primary Publication:
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 091117
Provenience: Babylon (mod. Bābil)
Period: Achaemenid (547-331 BC)
Object Type: Weight
Material: stone > igneous rock > diorite
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q007210
Primary Publication:
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 118840
Provenience: Pārśa (mod. Persepolis)
Period: Achaemenid (547-331 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: stone > sedimentary rock > limestone
Date: Xerxes1.00.00.00
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q007210
Primary Publication:
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 118841
Provenience: Pārśa (mod. Persepolis)
Period: Achaemenid (547-331 BC)
Object Type: —
Material: stone > sedimentary rock > limestone
Date: Xerxes1.00.00.00
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S000079
Witness to composite(s): Q006299
Primary Publication: Frame, Grant (1995) RIMB 2 .B.06.10.2002, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 129532
Provenience: uncertain (mod. uncertain)
Period: Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > igneous rock > diorite
Date: Ninurta-apli-x.--.--.-- ?
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. sza2 {disz}{d}marduk-gar-mu#
en: (Property) of Marduk-šākin-šumi,
2. _a_ {disz}{d}marduk-numun#?-din#?
en: seed of Marduk-zēra-uballiṭ,
3. _sza3-bala-bala_
en: descendent
4. {disz}ia-ki#-na
en: of Iakīnu;
5. _nig2-ba_ u-s,ur#?-{d}marduk#
en: gift by Uṣur-Marduk
6. _in-ra?-ru?_
en: presented.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001415
Witness to composite(s): Q008397
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1993) RIME 2 .00.00.1001, ex. 01 (1993)
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 089137
Provenience: Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > igneous rock > diorite
Date: Sargon.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
seal
surface a
1. u-bil-esz18-dar
en: Ūbil-Aštar,
2. szesz lugal
en: brother of the king:
3. KAL-KI
en: KAL-KI
4. dub-sar
en: the scribe,
5. ARAD2-zu
en: (is) his servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001420
Witness to composite(s): Q008383
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1993) RIME 2 .01.04.2024, ex. 01 (1993)
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 136842
Provenience: —
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > quartz
Date: Naramsin.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. bi-in-ka3-li2-szar3-ri2
en: Bin-kali-šarrī,
2. _dumu lugal_
en: son of the king:
3. a2-su
en: Asu
4. _ARAD2-zu_
en: (is) his servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001423
Witness to composite(s): Q008394
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1993) RIME 2 .11.11.2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 012285
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > metamorphic rock > lapis lazuli
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
1. szul ensi2
en: Šul governor
2. umma{ki}
en: of Umma:
3. nir-gal2-{d}an-x
en: Nirgal-...,
4. ARAD2-zu
en: (is) his servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001428
Witness to composite(s): Q008395
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1993) RIME 2 .14.01.2002, ex. 01 (1993)
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 089147
Provenience: —
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > jasper
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. puzur4-{d}szullat2
en: Puzur-Šullat,
2. _sanga bad3{ki}_
en: šangû priest of BAD.KI:
3. sag-gul-lum
en: Šaggullum,
4. _dub-sar_
en: the scribe,
5. _ARAD2-zu_
en: (is) his servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001429
Witness to composite(s): Q008396
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1993) RIME 2 .16.02.2002, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 089119
Provenience: Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > igneous rock > greenstone
Date: Epir-mupi.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. e-pir6-mu-pi5
en: Epir-mupi,
2. da-num2
en: the mighty:
3. me-du
en: ME-DU
4. _ARAD2-zu_
en: (is) his servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001432
Witness to composite(s): Q008418
Primary Publication: Collon, Dominique (1982) WAS 2 103
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 130691
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > dolomite
Date: Sharati-gubisin.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. szar-a-ti-gu-bi-si-in
en: ŠAR-A-TI-GU-BI-SI-IN,
2. _dumu lugal_
en: son of the king:
3. ur-sa6
en: Ursa,
4. _dub-sar_
en: the scribe,
5. _ARAD2#-zu_
en: (is) his servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001436
Witness to composite(s): Q001409
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1993) RIME 2 .01.01.2003, ex. 01a (1993)
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 120572
Provenience: Ur (mod. Tell Muqayyar)
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > metamorphic rock > lapis lazuli
Date: Sargon.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
column 1
1. en-he2-du7-an-na
en: Enḫedu’ana,
2. dumu szar-ru-gi
en: the daughter of Sargon,
column 2
1. dingir-igi-du#
en: Ilum-igi-du
2. kinda-ni# [...]
en: her hairdresser.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001441
Witness to composite(s): Q003663
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (2008) RIME 1 .13.03.03, ex. 01 (2007)
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 121544
Provenience: Ur (mod. Tell Muqayyar)
Period: ED IIIb (ca. 2500-2340 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > metamorphic rock > lapis lazuli
Date: Mes-KALAM-du.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
1. pu3-ad
en: Pu-abum
2. nin
en: the queen.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001525
Witness to composite(s): Q008455
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .x0.05.x2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 089011
Provenience: uncertain (mod. Hillah)
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > hematite
Date: Abi-maras.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. ha-a-li2-lu-u2
en: Halilû,
2. _dumu_ hu-nu-bi-im
en: son of Hunnubum,
3. _ARAD_ a-bi-ma-ra-as,
en: servant of Abī-maraṣ.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001526
Witness to composite(s): Q008446
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .19.02.2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 102055
Provenience: uncertain (mod. uncertain)
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > igneous rock > greenstone
Date: Zabazuna.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. {d}za-ba-zu-na
en: Zabazuna,
2. _lugal_ da-num2
en: mighty king,
3. te-he-esz-a-tal
en: Teḫeš-atal,
4. _dub-sar_
en: scribe,
5. _ARAD2-zu_
en: your servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001527
Witness to composite(s): Q008456
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .x0.09.x2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 102524
Provenience: —
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > quartz
Date: Adad-qarrad.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. u2-qa2-esz4-tar2
en: Uqqâ-Eštar,
2. _dumu_ szar-ru-um-{d}iszkur
en: son of Šarrum-Adad,
3. _ARAD_ {d}iszkur-|UR.SAG|
en: servant of Adad-qarrād.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001528
Witness to composite(s): Q008460
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .x0.18.x2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 114401
Provenience: —
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > hematite
Date: Shamhum.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. ARAD-{d}iszkur
en: Warad-Adad,
2. _dumu_ s,a-li-lum
en: son of Ṣālilum,
3. _ARAD_ sza-am-hu-um
en: servant of Šamhum.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001529
Witness to composite(s): Q008458
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .x0.16.x2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 121209
Provenience: —
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > hematite
Date: Pi-Eštar.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. [x] x x [x] x
en: ...,
2. [x] x x x
en: ...,
3. _ARAD2_ pi-i-esz18-dar
en: servant of Pî-Ištar.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S001530
Witness to composite(s): Q008449
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .25.05.x2004
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 126173
Provenience: Alalakh (mod. Tell Açana/Atshana)
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > hematite
Date: Aqba-Hammu.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang akk
object seal
surface a
1. qar-ra-du-um
en: Qarrādum,
2. _dumu_ i-din-{d}de-ri-tum
en: son of Iddin-Dērītum,
3. _ARAD2_ aq-ba-ha-mu
en: servant of Aqba-Ḫammu.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S002047
Witness to composite(s): Q008472
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .03.02.2002, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 102556
Provenience: Dilbat (mod. Deilam)
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > serpentine
Date: Sumu-la-El.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
1. be-li2-i-pa-al-sa3-am
en: Bēlī-ippalsam,
2. _dumu_ ib-ni-{d}urasz
en: son of Ibni-Uraš,
3. _ARAD2_ {d}urasz
en: servant of Uraš
4. u3 su-mu-la-il3
en: and Sūmû-la-Il.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S002519
Witness to composite(s): Q001982
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .01.09.2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 130695
Provenience: Kisurra (mod. Abu Hatab)
Period: Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > hematite
Date: Erra-imitti.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
1. i3-li2-isz-ka-u2-t,ul3
en: Iliška-uțul
2. dub-sar
en: the scribe,
3. dumu {d}suen-en-nam
en: son of Sin-ennam,
4. ARAD {d}er3-ra-i-mi-ti
en: servant of Erra-imitti.
Seal
Seal No.: S005353
Primary Publication: Collon, Dominique (1982) WAS 2 190
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 089115
Provenience: Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)
Period: Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > igneous rock > greenstone
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
1. ad-da
en: Adda,
2. dub-sar
en: scribe.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S005636
Witness to composite(s): Q008491
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1990) RIME 4 .10.06.2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 134757
Provenience: uncertain (mod. uncertain)
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > metamorphic rock > lapis lazuli
Date: Sumu-iamutbala.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
1. {d}suen-isz-me-a-ni
en: Sîn-išme'anni
2. _dumu_ {d}suen-i-din-nam
en: son of Sîn-iddinam,
3. _ARAD_ su-mu-ia-mu-ut-ba-la
en: servant of Sūmû-iamutbala.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S005871
Witness to composite(s): Q001649
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1997) RIME 3/2 .01.01.x2001, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 089126
Provenience: Ur (mod. Tell Muqayyar)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > igneous rock > greenstone
Date: Ur-Nammu.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
column 1
1. ur-{d}namma
en: Ur-Namma,
2. nita kal-ga
en: the mighty man,
3. lugal uri5{ki}-ma
en: king of Ur,
column 2
1. ha-asz2-ha-me-er
en: Hašḫamer,
2. ensi2
en: the governor
3. isz-ku-un-{d}suen{ki}
en: of Iškun-Sin,
4. ARAD2-zu
en: is your servant.
Seal Witness
Seal No.: S006349
Witness to composite(s): Q001766
Primary Publication: Frayne, Douglas R. (1997) RIME 3/2 .01.02.x2038, ex. 01
Collection: British Museum, London, UK
Museum no.: BM 116719
Provenience: uncertain (mod. uncertain)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: seal (not impression) > Cylinder seal
Material: stone > mineral > dolomite
Date: Šulgi.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object seal
surface a
column 1
1. {d}mes-lam-ta-e3-a
en: To the god Meslamta-e'a,
2. lugal-a-ni
en: his lord,
3. nam-ti
en: for the life
4. {d}szul-gi
en: of Šulgi,
5. dingir kalam-ma-na
en: god of his land,
6. lugal uri5{ki}-ma
en: king of Ur,
column 2
1. lugal an ub-<da> limmu2-ba-ka-sze3
en: king of the four quarters.